Izimfuneko Zokushintsha Amandla Akabili Zokushintsha Inombolo Yepholi

Ukuthi ulayini ophakathi nendawo udinga ukunqanyulwa niniukushintshaphakathi kukagesi we-transformer namandla kagesi we-generator (kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kweukushintshwa kwamandla okuzenzakalelayo okubili) kuncike kwinani lezimo noma izici, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesistimu yokumisa yamandla alophu amabili, noma amalophu wamandla amabili axhunywe ku-same-low-voltage switchboard, kanye nendlela ukumiswa kwesistimu kusethwe ngayo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isifunda samandla sifakwe i-RCD noma isivikelo sephutha lesigaba esisodwa, njll., isimo sinzima kakhulu.Ngalesi sizathu, amazinga e-IEC awenzi izinhlinzeko ezicacile.

Ake sibheke izikimu ezilandelayo zokumisa amandla akabili:

1.Izinsiza zikagesi ezimbili ezifakwe endaweni eyodwa, futhi zabelana ngokufanayoiKhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-low-voltage, iluphu engenayo noma amandla aphindwe kabilishintsha ukushintshai-loop kufanele isetshenziswe4 isigxobo sokudlulisa isigxobo.

Ake sibheke uMdwebo 1

Umfanekiso 1

Kusuka ku-FIG.1, singabona ukuthi ama-RCD amabili avikelwe3 pole circuit breakersI-QF11 ne-QF21 zifakwe ekugcineni kwempahla kagesi ukuze kushintshelwe ukuphakelwa kwamandla okukabili.Sithatha ngokuthi i-QF11 ivaliwe futhi i-QF21 ivaliwe.
Siyabona ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphutha lesigaba esisodwa somhlaba noma ukungalingani kwesigaba sesithathu kwenzeka emishinini kagesi, i-current-single-ground fault current noma i-neutral line yamanje ebangelwa ukungalingani kwezigaba ezintathu ingase igeleze ngomugqa we-N kanye ne-PE line. Isifunda se-QF21.Ngoba ukuvikelwa kwe-QF21 RCD, i-QF21 isesimweni sokusebenza sokuvikela, ayikwazi ukuvala ngempumelelo.
Futhi ngokuphambene.Emfanekisweni 1, okwamanje ogeleza ngomugqa omaphakathi noma umugqa we-PE weluphu ye-QF21 umugqa wamanje omaphakathi wendlela engajwayelekile.Indlela lapho ulayini ongathathi hlangothi ogeleza wendlela engakahleleki ingase yakhe iluphu evalekile, futhi indawo kazibuthe ekhiqizwe kuluphu evalekile ingase iphazamise okokusebenza kolwazi olubucayi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ingabangela ukuthi isinqamuli sesekethe sisebenze ngokungalungile.Isixazululo ukusebenzisa iswishi ye-quadrupole ye-QF11 ne-QF21 ukunqamula indlela lapho kugeleza khona iphutha.

2. Ama-dual-channel distribution transformer angumthombo wamandla osekelayo womunye nomunye, noma ama-transformer namajeneretha kadizili ayisipele samandla samanye, futhi amaphuzu amaphakathi ama-transformer namajeneretha asekelwe eduze ngokuqondile.Uma amasethi amabili okunikezwa kwamandla ehlanganyela ibhodi lokushintsha lamandla kagesi aphansi, iluphu engenayo kufanele isebenzise isigxobo sezigxobo ezi-4, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.

Umfanekiso 2

Kusukela kumfanekiso wesi-2, singabona ukuthi inethiwekhi yokusatshalaliswa kwe-voltage ephansi iwuhlobo lwe-tn-S, futhi indawo engathathi hlangothi ye-transformer isekelwe eduze, ehola izigaba ezintathu, umugqa ongu-N kanye nomugqa we-PE ukusuka ku-transformer kuya ku-low-voltage. ukusatshalaliswa kwesekethe engenayo.I-low-voltage engenayo i-circuit breaker kanye ne-busbar circuit breaker amaswishi anezigxobo ezintathu.I-circuit breaker engenayo ifakwe ukuvikelwa kwamaphutha okuphansi kwesigaba esisodwa.

Ekusetshenzisweni okujwayelekile, i-breaker circuit ivaliwe futhi ibha yebhasi ivuliwe.Lapho iphutha lesigaba esisodwa sokumisa lenzeka ezintweni zikagesi ebhasini ⅰ, singabona ukuthi indlela efanele imi kanje: igobolondo lezinto zikagesi →Intambo ye-PE → ukuhlangana kwentambo ye-PE nentambo engu-N → isigaba ⅰ Intambo engu-N → Isigaba ⅰ ukutholwa kwephutha okusekelwe phansi → Isigaba ⅰ isiguquli.

Le ndlela ilungile.Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki komugqa ongu-N kanye nesizinda sokuhlanganisa ulayini we-PE, isibonelo, leli phuzu lingafakwa kokubili ku-loop yomugqa emgqeni, ngakho-ke indlela engakahleleki yesigaba esisodwa sokubeka phansi iphutha kungenzeka kube: indawo evalekile yezinto zikagesi. – Ulayini wePE – Ⅱ ube ulayini, ulayini wePE kanye no-N ohlanganisa isayithi – Ⅱ isikhathi sika-N – Ⅱ isikhathi sephutha lamanje – Ⅰ isikhathi somugqa ongu-N – Ⅰ i-transformer ground fault current – ​​> Ⅰ izigaba.Umsinga ogeleza kule ndlela umzila ophakathi nendawo wendlela engavamile, engase ibangele uhambo lwesigaba esingu-ⅱ se-circuit breaker engenayo, okwenza ingozi ikhulise.

Isixazululo ukusebenzisa aukushintsha kwe-quadrupoleukusika indlela engavamile lapho i-current current igeleza futhi isuse ingozi efihliwe yezingozi.Ngokufanayo, uma enye ye-transformer ithathelwa indawo yi-generator, i-generator ye-circuit breaker engenayo kufanele futhi isebenzise inkinobho ye-quadrupole.Isiphetho: Uma izinto ezimbili zikagesi zisendlini eyodwa (ephansi) futhi zabelana ngekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi afanayo, ulayini wokungenisa wekhabethe wokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi kanye neluphu yebhasi kudingeka kusetshenziswe isishicileli sezigxobo ezi-4.

3. Amasethi amabili okunikezwa kwamandla asegumbini elilodwa (indawo evamile), kodwa awabelani nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi, ngakho-ke isishintshi sokuguqula amandla emshinini wokusabalalisa wesibili singasebenzisa isigxobo sezigxobo ezi-3, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3. .

Umfanekiso 3

I-FIG.3I-ATSEingasebenzisa iswishi enezigaba ezintathu uma iwumthombo wamandla oyisipele.Kusukela kumfanekiso wesi-3, singabona ukuthi i-transformer ne-generator isesiteshini esifanayo sokusabalalisa i-voltage ephansi, kodwa awabelani nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephansi.Sibona ukungalingani kwezigaba ezintathu emthwalweni we-circuit breaker QF11 yemishini yokusabalalisa yesibili, futhi ngaleyo ndlela i-current yezinga lesithathu engalingani ibonakala emgqeni ongathathi hlangothi wemishini kagesi.

Indlela yamanje yesigaba sesithathu engalingani ingokulandelayo: umugqa ongathathi hlangothi we-N pole yemishini kagesi → umugqa ongathathi hlangothi wemishini yokusabalalisa yesibili → umugqa ongathathi hlangothi wokusabalalisa kwe-transformer → ukutholwa kwephutha eliphansi le-loop engenayo ye-transformer → iphoyinti elingathathi hlangothi N le-transformer.Le ndlela iyindlela evamile.

KusukelaI-ATSEayiguquki unidirectional, ingakhetha kuphela phakathi kokuphakelayo kwe-transformer kanye ne-generator feed, ngakho-ke umugqa omaphakathi wamanje awuveli ezindleleni ezingajwayelekile.Kulokhu, ukushintshwa kwe-ATSE kungasebenzisa umkhiqizo onezigxobo ezintathu.