Izidingo kanye namathuba okuthuthukiswa kwegridi ehlakaniphile ukuze kusetshenziswe ubuhlakani bezinto zikagesi ezine-voltage ephansi

I-Smart grid iwuhlelo oluphelele, oluhlanganisa zonke izici zokuphehlwa kukagesi, ukudluliswa, ukusatshalaliswa, ukuthunyelwa, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, ngaphezu kuka-80% wamandla kagesi wesistimu yamandla adluliselwa kubasebenzisi ngenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa yomsebenzisi futhi adliwe kumshini kagesi wetheminali.Iklayenti ihlanganisa zonke izinto zokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zokudlulisa, ukusabalaliswa, ukulawula, ukuvikela kanye nokuphathwa kwamandla kagesi kusuka kuma-transformer kagesi kuya emishinini kagesi, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi, amamitha kagesi ahlakaniphile kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha ezihlakaniphile.Njengemishini kagesi ewumgogodla edlala indima yokulawula nokuvikela ekugcineni komsebenzisi, okokusebenza kukagesi okune-voltage ephansi kubonakala ngobuningi obukhulu nobubanzi obubanzi.Itholakala ngaphansi kweketango lamandla egridi yamandla futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile eqinile.Ngakho-ke, ukuze wakhe igridi yamandla ahlakaniphile, kuyadingeka ukuqaphela ubuhlakani bezinto zikagesi ezine-voltage ephansi ekugcineni kweklayenti njengetshe legumbi legridi yamandla, futhi inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ehlakaniphile ekugcineni kweklayenti eyakhiwe ngaleyo ndlela iyisisekelo esibalulekile ukwakha igridi yamandla ahlakaniphile.Izinto zikagesi ezinenethiwekhi, ezihlakaniphile nezixhumenekayo ezine-voltage ephansi zizoba inkomba yokuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile esikhathini esizayo.

1. Igridi ehlakaniphile isebenzisa inkundla ehlangene nezinga, elungele ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenzisa isizukulwane esisha sezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile ezisebenzisa amandla kagesi aphansi.

Igridi ehlakaniphile idinga ukwamukelwa komsebenzisi imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe nemisiwe, okwamanje zonke izinhlobo zesistimu ezishintshayo, isistimu yokuqapha, isistimu yokuphatha kanye nedivaysi yokuqapha etholakala ku-inthanethi yokulinganisa, ukuvikela, ukulawula, kanye neminye imisebenzi ohlelweni olusha, oluhlanganisiwe, losekelo lobuchwepheshe. ukuhlanganiswa, ukuhlanganiswa, futhi ekugcineni kuqashelwe ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwethembeka, kufinyezwe isistimu yegridi ehlakaniphile Izinzuzo ezifana nokufaka nesikhathi sokuyilungisa.Lokhu kuzoletha ukunethezeka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwesizukulwane esisha sezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile ezine-voltage ephansi.

2, igridi ehlakaniphile eqinile, ukuzelapha ngokwayo, ukusebenzisana, ukwenza kahle nezinye izidingo kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenzisa isizukulwane esisha sezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi anesexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukutakula okusheshayo nokuphephile nemisebenzi yokuziphilisa.

Ngokwezidingo zegridi yamandla ahlakaniphile, njengokunamandla, ukuziphilisa, ukusebenzisana nokwenza kahle, isistimu kagesi ehlakaniphile isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bolwazi lwenethiwekhi, ubuchwepheshe besimanje bezokuxhumana kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphathwa kwempilo yesistimu, indawo enephutha ngokushesha, izindlela ezimbili. ukuxhumana, ukuqapha izinga lamandla kanye neminye imisebenzi.Ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokutholwa kwesignali kagesi ephansi-voltage kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ehlakaniphile ukuze kuqashelwe i-digitalization ayikwazi nje ukuqinisekisa isilinganiso esanele sokusampula nokunemba okuhle, kodwa futhi kusiza ukulinganisa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezenzakalo kanye nesixwayiso sokuqala samaphutha ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela;Iphuzu lephutha litholakala ngokushesha ngokuqapha kwenethiwekhi.Ukuthola kabusha okusheshayo nokuphephile kanye nokuziphilisa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kungabonakala ngokwakha kabusha inethiwekhi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi, ukuhlukanisa iphutha lapho inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ihluleka futhi ukubuyisela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukunikezwa kwamandla endaweni engenaphutha, ukuze ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezimfuneko zokuvikela nokulawula zenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ehlakaniphile.Ngakho-ke, ngokwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile, ukusetshenziswa kwesizukulwane esisha sezinto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphansi kuzokwanda kakhulu [3].

3. Igridi ehlakaniphile ibeka phambili izidingo ezintsha zemishini enamandla kagesi aphansi mayelana nokuphehlwa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nekhwalithi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuqashelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo okukhiqiza amandla kanye nokusika amandla aphezulu kanye nesigodi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokuphehla amandla avuselelekayo, kanye nezimoto zikagesi nezinye izisetshenziswa zikagesi ezishaja ngokushesha, kudingeka ukuthuthukisa afanele lezi zinhlelo ezinemisebenzi ethile kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwezinto zikagesi ezine-voltage ephansi;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lawa madivayisi (afana nemishini yamanje eguquguqukayo, okokusebenza kwegridi, amandla edivayisi yokufinyelela ngezikhathi ezithile, idivayisi yokushaja, njll.) yohlelo lokusebenza izophazamisa kakhulu ikhwalithi kagesi, ukuze kube nokucindezelwa kwe-harmonic kanye nesinxephezelo samandla asebenzayo. , ukucindezelwa kwe-overvoltage yesikhashana kanye nezinhlelo zokuphehla amandla avuselelekayo, ukucindezela okuguquguqukayo nokuguquguqukayo kokucindezelwa kwe-overvoltage nezinto zokuvikela, # ipulaki nokudlala?Ukuzalwa kwenani elikhulu lezimfuno ezifana nemishini yesiteshi sokushaja izimoto zikagesi ezisabalalisiwe nakho kubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zemishini yamandla aphansi.Izinto zikagesi ezijwayelekile ezisebenzisa amandla kagesi aphansi zizobhekana nokunwetshwa nokunwetshwa, okuzoba yithuba elisha lokuthuthukisa izinto ezisebenza ngamandla aphansi.

4. Ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokuphathwa kokuphakelwa kukagesi kanye nesidingo, okuzophinde kugqugquzele ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini esebenza ngamandla aphansi ukuze iqonde ekuxhumeni inethiwekhi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokuphehla amandla avuselelekayo kwephula indlela evamile yokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa futhi kwakha uhlelo lwesevisi olubandakanya izindlela ezimbili phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabathengi.Izinhlobonhlobo zedatha yokufaka, ehlanganisa amanani, inkokhiso, isignali yecala lomthwalo wegridi yokwabelana ngesikhathi, ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuphatha ethuthukisiwe, ngokuya ngezidingo zabasebenzisi ngendlela yokucushwa okuguquguqukayo, ikhuthaza umsebenzisi ukuba abambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni nasekuphathweni kwegridi yamandla, bhalansisa isidingo somsebenzisi sikagesi, ikhono lokuhlangabezana nesidingo kanye nokuphakelwa kwawo phakathi kokuphakelwa nokufunwa, ukunciphisa noma ukudlulisa ukufunwa kwamandla aphezulu, ukunciphisa isiteshi sikagesi esishisayo, ukuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe umphumela wokonga ugesi wegridi Yamandla nokuthuthukisa indima yokwethembeka kwegridi yamandla. , ukuze kwandiswe ukongiwa kwezinsiza kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Lokhu akudingi nje kuphela ukuthuthukisa imodi entsha yokuphatha ukusebenza, kodwa futhi kudinga ukuba nokuxhumana okubili, ukulinganisa izindlela ezimbili, ukuphathwa kwamandla kanye neminye imikhiqizo kagesi ene-voltage ephansi kanye nokusekelwa kwesistimu, ngakho lezi zidingo zizophinde zikhuthaze intuthuko esheshayo. wezinto zikagesi ezine-voltage ephansi eziya lapho kunenethiwekhi.