Hlola ama-horizons amasha alethwa yi-5G ku-inthanethi Yezimoto kanye nokuxhumana kwe-V2X

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Manje njengoba sesinobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezimoto (V2X), sibonga kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-5G nezixazululo zesofthiwe yezimoto ukuthuthukisa isizukulwane esisha sezimoto ezihlakaniphile.
Ukuxhumana kwezimoto kuyisixazululo esithokozisayo esinciphisa izingozi zomgwaqo emhlabeni jikelele.Ngeshwa, ngo-2018, izingozi zomgwaqo zabulala abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.3.Manje njengoba sesinobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezimoto (V2X), sibonga kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-5G nezixazululo zesofthiwe yezimoto ekuthuthukisweni kwesizukulwane esisha sezimoto ezihlakaniphile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lomshayeli nokubeka kabusha abakhiqizi bezimoto ukuze baphumelele.
Izimoto manje zibhekana nokuxhumana okwengeziwe, ukuxhumana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzulazula, izinzwa ezingaphakathi ebhodini, amarobhothi, izindawo zokupaka, namanye amasistimu ezimoto.Imoto ixhumanisa nendawo ezungezile ngokusebenzisa izinto ezithile zokuthwebula (njengamakhamera edeshibhodi nezinzwa ze-radar).Izimoto ezinenethiwekhi ziqoqa idatha enkulu, njengemayela, ukulimala kwezingxenye ze-geolocation, umfutho wesondo, izinga likaphethiloli, isimo sokukhiya imoto, izimo zomgwaqo, nezimo zokupaka.
Isakhiwo se-IoV sezixazululo zemboni yezimoto sisekelwa izixazululo zesofthiwe yezimoto, njenge-GPS, i-DSRC (ukuxhumana okunikelwe kwebanga elifushane), i-Wi-Fi, i-IVI (i-infotainment yemoto), idatha enkulu, ukufunda ngomshini, i-inthanethi Yezinto, okokwenziwa. i-intelligence, i-SaaS Platform, nokuxhumeka kwe-broadband.
Ubuchwepheshe be-V2X buzibonakalisa njengokuvumelanisa phakathi kwezimoto (V2V), izimoto kanye nengqalasizinda (V2I), izimoto nabanye ababambiqhaza bomgwaqo.Ngokunwetshwa, lezi zindlela ezintsha zingakwazi futhi ukufaka abahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba ngamabhayisikili (V2P).Ngamafuphi, i-architecture ye-V2X yenza izimoto "zikhulume" neminye imishini.
Imoto eya ohlelweni lokuzulazula: Idatha ekhishwe kumephu, i-GPS nezinye izitholi zezimoto zingabala isikhathi sokufika semoto elayishiwe, indawo yengozi phakathi nenqubo yesicelo somshwalense, idatha yomlando yokuhlela amadolobha kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, njll. .
Imoto eya nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha: Lokhu kuhlanganisa izimpawu, amathiphu omgwaqo, izindawo zokuqoqwa kwemigwaqo, izindawo zokusebenza, nezinkundla zemfundo.
Imoto eya kusistimu yezokuthutha zomphakathi: Lokhu kukhiqiza idatha ehlobene nesistimu yezokuthutha zomphakathi nezimo zethrafikhi, kuyilapho itusa eminye imizila lapho uhlela kabusha uhambo.
I-5G iyisizukulwane sesihlanu sokuxhunywa kwamaselula e-broadband.Ngokuyisisekelo, ububanzi bayo befrikhwensi yokusebenza bungaphezulu kwe-4G, ngakho-ke isivinini sokuxhuma singcono izikhathi eziyi-100 kune-4G.Ngalokhu kuthuthukiswa kwamandla, i-5G inikeza imisebenzi enamandla kakhulu.
Ingakwazi ukucubungula idatha ngokushesha, inikeze ama-millisecond angu-4 ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile kanye ne-millisecond engu-1 ngaphansi kwesivinini esiphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela okusheshayo kwamadivayisi axhunyiwe.
Ngokudabukisayo, phakathi neminyaka emaphakathi yokukhululwa kwayo ngo-2019, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwabanjwa yingxabano nobunzima, obubi kakhulu kubo kwakuwubudlelwano bakho nenkinga yezempilo yakamuva.Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwesiqalo esinzima, i-5G manje isisebenza emadolobheni angama-500 e-United States.Ukungena emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwamukelwa kwale nethiwekhi kuseduze, njengoba izibikezelo zango-2025 zibonisa ukuthi i-5G izothuthukisa ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu ze-inthanethi yomhlaba.
Ugqozi lokusebenzisa i-5G kubuchwepheshe be-V2X luvela ekuthuthweni kwezimoto kuya engqalasizinda yamaselula (C-V2X)-lokhu umkhuba wakamuva nophakeme kakhulu wemboni wezimoto ezixhunyiwe nezizimele.Izikhondlakhondla ezaziwayo ezikhiqiza izimoto ezifana ne-Audi, Ford neTesla sezihlomise izimoto zazo ngobuchwepheshe be-C-V2X.Okomongo:
I-Mercedes-Benz ihlanganyele ne-Ericsson kanye ne-Telefónica Deutschland ukufaka izimoto ezixhunyiwe ezizimele ze-5G esigabeni sokukhiqiza.
AbakwaBMW basebenzisane nabakwaSamsung kanye noHarman ukwethula iBMW iNEXT efakwe i-5G-based telematics control unit (TCU).
I-Audi yamemezela ngo-2017 ukuthi izimoto zayo zizokwazi ukuxhumana namarobhothi ukuze zixwayise uma umshayeli eshintsha ebomvu ibe luhlaza.
I-C-V2X inamandla angenamkhawulo.Izingxenye zayo zisetshenziswe emadolobheni angaphezu kuka-500, izifunda kanye nezifunda zezemfundo ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka okuzimele kwezinhlelo zokuhamba, ingqalasizinda yamandla kanye nezakhiwo zokwakha.
I-C-V2X iletha ukuphepha kwethrafikhi, ukusebenza kahle kanye nolwazi oluthuthukisiwe lomshayeli/labahamba ngezinyawo (isibonelo esihle isistimu yokuxwayisa yemoto enomsindo).Ivumela abatshalizimali kanye nama- think tanks ukuthi bahlole izindlela ezintsha zentuthuko enkulu ezimeni eziningi.Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa izinzwa nedatha yomlando ukuze uvule i-“digital telepathy”, ukushayela okuhlanganisiwe, ukuvimbela ukushayisana nezixwayiso zokuphepha kungafinyelelwa.Masibe nokuqonda okujulile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-V2X ezisekela i-5G.
Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuxhumana kwe-cybernetic kwamaloli kuthelawayeka emikhunjini.Ukuqondanisa eduze nokuphela kwemoto kuvumela ukusheshisa okuvunyelanisiwe, ukuqondisa kanye nokubhuleka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle komgwaqo, ukonga uphethiloli nokunciphisa ukungcola.Iloli elihamba phambili linquma umzila, isivinini kanye nesikhala kwamanye amaloli.Ukuhamba ngamaloli okubopha i-5G kungathola uhambo oluphephile lwebanga elide.Isibonelo, lapho izimoto ezintathu noma ngaphezulu zishayela futhi umshayeli esozela, iloli lizolandela ngokuzenzakalelayo umholi weqembu, linciphise ubungozi bobuthongo bomshayeli.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho iloli eliholayo lenza isenzo sokugwema, amanye amaloli ngemuva nawo azosabela ngasikhathi sinye.Abakhiqizi bemishini yoqobo abanjengoScania kanye neMercedes bethule amamodeli emigwaqo, futhi izifundazwe ezimbalwa e-United States zamukele ukulandelwa kwamaloli azimele.Ngokusho kweScania Group, amaloli aklelile angehlisa ukungcola ngo-20%.
Lokhu ukuthuthuka kwemoto okuxhumene ngendlela imoto ehlangana ngayo nezimo ezinkulu zethrafikhi.Imoto efakwe i-architecture ye-V2X ingasakaza ulwazi lwezinzwa nabanye abashayeli ukuze ihlanganise ukunyakaza kwabo.Lokhu kungenzeka uma imoto eyodwa idlula futhi enye imoto izibambela mathupha ukuze ikwazi ukuthwala lo mshini.Amaqiniso afakazele ukuthi ukusebenzisana kahle komshayeli kungacindezela ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukushintsha komzila, ukubhuleka kungazelelwe kanye nokusebenza okungahleliwe.Ezweni langempela, ukushayela okuhambisanayo akusebenzi ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe be-5G.
Le mishini isekela umshayeli ngokunikeza isaziso sanoma yikuphi ukushayisana okuzayo.Lokhu kuvame ukuzibonakalisa njengokumisa kabusha isiteringi okuzenzakalelayo noma ukubhuleka ngempoqo.Ukuze kulungiselelwe ukushayisana, imoto idlulisa indawo, isivinini, kanye nendlela ehlobene nezinye izimoto.Ngalobu buchwepheshe bokuxhuma izimoto, abashayeli badinga kuphela ukuthola izinto zabo ezihlakaniphile ukuze bagweme ukushaya abagibeli bamabhayisikili noma abahamba ngezinyawo.Ukufakwa kwe-5G kuthuthukisa lo msebenzi ngokusungula izinhlobonhlobo zokuxhumana phakathi kwezimoto eziningi ukuze kunqunywe indawo enembile yemoto ngayinye uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye ababambiqhaza bethrafikhi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nanoma yisiphi esinye isigaba sezimoto, izimoto ezizishayelayo zithembele kakhulu ekusakazweni kwedatha okusheshayo.Esimeni sokushintsha kwezimo zomgwaqo, isikhathi sokuphendula ngokushesha singasheshisa umshayeli uthatha izinqumo ngesikhathi sangempela.Ukuthola indawo enembile yabahamba ngezinyawo noma ukubikezela ilambu elibomvu elilandelayo ezinye zezimo lapho ubuchwepheshe bubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka.Ijubane lalesi sixazululo se-5G lisho ukuthi ukucutshungulwa kwedatha yamafu nge-AI kuvumela izimoto ukuthi zenze izinqumo ezingasizwanga kodwa ezinembile ngokushesha.Ngokufaka idatha esuka ezimotweni ezihlakaniphile, izindlela zokufunda ngomshini (ML) zingashintsha indawo yemoto;shayela imoto ime, yehlisa ijubane, noma iyale ukuthi ishintshe imizila.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana okuqinile phakathi kwe-5G kanye ne-edge computing kungacubungula amasethi wedatha ngokushesha.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imali engenayo evela emkhakheni wezimoto ingena kancane kancane emikhakheni yamandla kanye nomshwalense.
I-5G iyisixazululo sedijithali esiletha izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa emhlabeni wezimoto ngokuthuthukisa indlela esisebenzisa ngayo ukuxhumana okungenantambo ekuzulazuleni.Isekela inombolo enkulu yokuxhumana endaweni encane futhi ithola indawo enembile ngokushesha kunanoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe bangaphambilini.Isakhiwo se-V2X esiqhutshwa yi-5G sinokwethenjelwa kakhulu, sinokubambezeleka okuncane, futhi sinochungechunge lwezinzuzo, njengokuxhumana okulula, ukuthwebula idatha okusheshayo nokudluliswa, ukuphepha emgwaqeni okuthuthukisiwe, nokugcinwa kwemoto okuthuthukisiwe.
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