IiMfuno zoTshintsho lwaMandla aMabini ekuTshintsheni iNombolo yePali

Ingaba umgca ongathathi hlangothi ufuna ukunqunyulwa xaukutshintshaphakathi konikezelo lwamandla ombane kunye nonikezelo lwamandla ejenereyitha (kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kweutshintshelo oluzenzekelayo lwamandla amabini) kuxhomekeke kwinani leemeko okanye imiba, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwenkqubo yokumisa yamandla alophu amabini, nokuba amalophu amabini ombane aqhagamshelwe kwisam.e low-voltage switchboard, kunye nendlela yokumisa inkqubo ebekwe ngayo.Ingaba i-circuit yamandla ixhotyiswe nge-RCD okanye i-single-phase-grounding grounding protection, njl., imeko inzima kakhulu.Ngesi sizathu, imigangatho ye-IEC ayenzi malungiselelo acacileyo.

Makhe sijonge ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zahlukeneyo zamandla-mbini:

1.Amandla amabini afakwe kwindawo enye, kwaye abelane ngokufanayoikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-low-voltage, iluphu engenayo okanye amandla aphindwe kabinitshintshela utshintshoiluphu kufuneka isetyenziswe4 iswitshi yokudlulisa ipali.

Makhe sijonge uMzobo 1

Umfanekiso woku-1

Ukusuka kwiFIG.1, sinokubona ukuba ii-RCD ezimbini ezikhuselweyoIi-3 pole circuit breakersI-QF11 kunye ne-QF21 zifakwe kwisiphelo esingaphambili sesixhobo sombane ukwenzela ukutshintshwa kombane ombini.Sicinga ukuba i-QF11 ivaliwe kwaye i-QF21 icinyiwe.
Siyabona ukuba ingaba i-single-single-single-ground fault okanye ukungalingani kwesigaba sesithathu kwenzeka kwisixhobo sombane, i-single-phase-fault current current okanye i-neutral line current ebangelwa yi-three-phase-unbalance inbalance inokungena kumgca we-N kunye ne-PE line. isekethe ye-QF21.Ngenxa yokuba ukhuseleko lwe-QF21 RCD, i-QF21 kwimeko yokusebenza yokukhusela, ayikwazi ukuvala ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.Kwi-Figure 1, i-current ejikelezayo kumgca ongathathi hlangothi okanye umgca we-PE we-loop ye-QF21 ngumgca ongathathi hlangothi wangoku wendlela engekho ngokuqhelekileyo.Indlela apho umgca ongathathi hlangothi womzila ongekho sikweni unokwenza i-loop evaliweyo, kunye nommandla wamagnetic owenziwe kwi-loop evaliweyo unokuphazamisa izixhobo zolwazi olubucayi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunokubangela ukuba i-breaker circuit isebenze ngokungalunganga.Isisombululo kukusebenzisa i-quadrupole switch ye-QF11 kunye ne-QF21 ukunqumla indlela apho i-fault current ihamba khona.

2. I-Dual-channel distribution transformers yi-backup yamandla omnye komnye, okanye i-transformers kunye neejeneretha ze-diesel zingumthombo wamandla omnye komnye, kwaye iindawo ezingathathi hlangothi ze-transformers kunye neejenereyitha zisekelwe ngokuthe ngqo kufuphi.Ukuba iiseti ezimbini zamandla ombane zabelana ngebhodi yombane ephantsi, iluphu engenayo kufuneka isebenzise isitshixo sepali esi-4, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.

Umfanekiso wesi-2

Ukusuka kwi-Figure 2, sinokubona ukuba inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephantsi luhlobo lwe-tn-S, kwaye indawo engathathi hlangothi ye-transformer isekelwe kufuphi, ehamba phambili kwinqanaba lesithathu, i-N line kunye ne-PE line ukusuka kwi-transformer ukuya kwi-low-voltage. ukuhanjiswa kwesekethe yekhabhathi engenayo.I-low-voltage engenayo i-breaker circuit breaker kunye ne-busbar circuit breaker zitshintshi ezintathu-pole.I-breaker circuit breaker engenayo ixhotyiswe ngesigaba esisodwa sokukhusela impazamo yomhlaba.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, i-breaker circuit ivaliwe kwaye i-busbar ivuliwe.Xa kusenzeka impazamo yokumisa inqanaba elinye kwisixhobo sombane ebhasini ⅰ, sinokubona ukuba indlela echanekileyo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: iqokobhe lesixhobo sombane → ucingo lwePE → isiphambuka socingo lwePE kunye nocingo lweN → icandelo ⅰ ucingo lweN → Icandelo ⅰ ukufunyaniswa kwempazamo yangoku → Icandelo ⅰ isiguquli.

Le ndlela ichanekile.Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki komgca we-N kunye nomgca we-PE wokudibanisa isayithi, umzekelo, le ngongoma ingafakelwa kwi-loop yomgca kwi-loop emgceni, ngoko ke indlela engacwangciswanga ye-single-single-grounding fault current ingaba: i-enclosure yezixhobo zombane. – Umgca wePE – Ⅱ ube kumgca, umgca wePE kunye no-N wokudibanisa isiza – Ⅱ ixesha lomgca ongu-N – Ⅱ ixesha lokungasebenzi kakuhle komhlaba – Ⅰ ixesha lomgca ongu-N – Ⅰ isiguquli somgca ophantsi komhlaba – > Ⅰ imihlathi.Umjelo oqukuqelayo kule ndlela ngumsinga womgca ongathathi hlangothi wendlela engaqhelekanga, enokubangela uhambo lwecandelo ⅱ lesaphuli sesekethe engenayo, yenze ingozi yande.

Isisombululo kukusebenzisa aiswitshi yequadrupoleukunqumla indlela engaqhelekanga apho impazamo ihamba khona kunye nokuphelisa ingozi efihliweyo yeengozi.Ngokufanayo, ukuba enye ye-transformers ithathelwe indawo yi-generator, i-breaker circuit ye-generator engenayo kufuneka isebenzise kwakhona i-quadrupole switch.Isiphelo: Xa izixhobo zombane ezimbini zikwigumbi elinye (emhlabeni) kwaye zabelana ngekhabhathi yokuhambisa umbane ophantsi ofanayo, umbane ophantsi wonikezelo lwekhabhathi umgca wokungena kunye nelophu yebhasi kufuneka kusetyenziswe isitshixo seepali ezi-4.

3. Iiseti ezimbini zobonelelo lwamandla zikwigumbi elinye (umhlaba oqhelekileyo), kodwa awabelani ngekhabhathi yokuhambisa i-voltage ephantsi, ngoko ke uguqulo lokuguqulwa kwamandla kwisixhobo sokusasaza lwesibini lunokwamkela iswitshi ye-3 yesibonda, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3 .

Umfanekiso wesi-3

IKHIWANE.3ATSEinokusebenzisa iswitshi enezigaba ezithathu xa ilugcino lwamandla.Ukusuka kwi-Figure 3, sinokubona ukuba i-transformer kunye nejenereyitha kwisikhululo esifanayo sokusabalalisa i-voltage ephantsi, kodwa ababelana ngekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa ombane ophantsi.Sibona ukungalingani kwesigaba sesithathu kumthwalo we-circuit breaker QF11 yesixhobo sokusabalalisa okwesibini, kwaye ngoko ke inqanaba lesithathu elingalinganiyo langoku libonakala kumgca ongathathi hlangothi wezixhobo zombane.

Umzila wesigaba sesithathu esingalungelelananga ngoku silandelayo: umgca ongathathi hlangothi we-N pole yesixhobo sombane → umgca ongathathi hlangothi wesixhobo sokusasazwa kwesibini → umgca ongathathi hlangothi wokusasazwa kwe-transformer → ukufumanisa i-grounding fault current ye-loop engenayo i-loop → i-neutral point N ye-transformer.Le ndlela yindlela eqhelekileyo.

Ukusukela okoATSEi-unidirectional ekuguquleni, inokukhetha kuphela phakathi kwesondlo se-transformer kunye ne-generator feed, ngoko umgca ongathathi hlangothi okwangoku awubonakali kwiindlela ezingaqhelekanga.Kule meko, ukutshintsha kwe-ATSE kunokusebenzisa imveliso yeepali ezintathu.