Iimfuno kunye namathuba ophuhliso lwe-smart grid ukulungiselela ukufundiswa kwezixhobo zombane eziphantsi

I-Smart grid yinkqubo epheleleyo, equka yonke imiba yokuvelisa amandla, ukuhanjiswa, ukuhanjiswa, ukuthunyelwa, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane.Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, ngaphezu kwe-80% yamandla ombane wenkqubo yamandla idluliselwa kubasebenzisi ngokusasazwa komsebenzisi womnatha kwaye isetyenziswe kwisixhobo samandla esitheminali.Umxhasi uhlanganisa zonke izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokusasaza, ukuhanjiswa, ukulawula, ukukhuselwa kunye nokulawulwa kwamandla ombane ukusuka kwiinguqu zamandla ukuya kwizixhobo zombane, ngokukodwa kubandakanywa izixhobo ezihlakaniphile eziphantsi kwee-voltage, iimitha zombane ezihlakaniphile kunye neenkqubo zokwakha ezihlakaniphile.Njengezona zixhobo zombane ezingundoqo ezidlala indima yokulawula kunye nokukhusela ekupheleni komsebenzisi, izixhobo zombane eziphantsi kwe-voltage zibonakaliswe ngobuninzi kunye noluhlu olubanzi.Ibekwe emazantsi ekhonkco lamandla egridi yamandla kwaye iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolwakhiwo lwegridi eyomeleleyo.Ngoko ke, ukuze kwakhiwe igridi yamandla ahlakaniphile, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ubukrelekrele bezixhobo zombane eziphantsi-voltage ekupheleni komxhasi njengelitye lembombo legridi yamandla, kunye nothungelwano losasazo olukrelekrele ekupheleni komxhasi ngaloo ndlela lwakhiwe sisiseko esibalulekileyo sokwenza oku. ukwenza igridi yamandla ahlakaniphile.Izixhobo zombane ezine-network, ezibanzi ezikrelekrele nezikwaziyo ukunxibelelana ne-low-voltage esezantsi ziya kuba ngowona mgaqo wophuhliso kwixesha elizayo.

1. Igridi ye-Smart ithatha iqonga elidibeneyo kunye nomgangatho, olulungele ukuphuhliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo ezihlakaniphile eziphantsi kwe-voltage.

Igridi ye-Smart ifuna ukwamkelwa komsebenzisi ngokumanyeneyo kunye neemveliso ezisemgangathweni, okwangoku zonke iintlobo zenkqubo yokuzenzekelayo, inkqubo yokubeka iliso, inkqubo yolawulo kunye nesixhobo sokubeka iliso kwi-intanethi yokulinganisa, ukhuseleko, ulawulo, kunye neminye imisebenzi kwinkqubo entsha, emanyeneyo, yenkxaso yobugcisa. ukudibanisa, ukudityaniswa, kwaye ekugqibeleni uqonde ukudityaniswa kobuchwephesha obahlukeneyo ukuphucula ukuthembeka, ukunciphisa i-smart grid system Izibonelelo ezifana nofakelo kunye nexesha lokugcinwa.Oku kuya kuzisa uncedo olukhulu kuphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo ezikrelekrele ezinombane ophantsi.

I-2, igridi ehlakaniphile eyomeleleyo, ukuziphilisa, ukusebenzisana, ukulungelelaniswa kunye nezinye iimfuno ziya kukhuthaza kakhulu uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo ezihlakaniphile eziphantsi kwe-voltage kunye nesilumkiso sokuqala, ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhuselekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yokuziphilisa.

Ngokweemfuno zegridi yamandla esmart, enje ngamandla, ukuziphilisa, ukusebenzisana kunye nokwenza ngcono, inkqubo yombane ehlakaniphile ithatha itekhnoloji yolwazi lwenethiwekhi, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano yanamhlanje kunye netekhnoloji yokulinganisa ukufezekisa ulawulo lobomi benkqubo, indawo ekhawulezayo yempazamo, indlela ezimbini. unxibelelwano, ukujonga umgangatho wamandla kunye neminye imisebenzi.Ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokufumana umqondiso ophantsi-voltage kuthungelwano losasazo olukrelekrele ukuqonda idijithali ayinakuqinisekisa kuphela izinga lesampulu eyaneleyo kunye nokuchaneka okuhle, kodwa iququzelele ukuqikelelwa kwangaphambili kweziganeko kunye nokulumkisa kwangaphambili kweempazamo ngokuhlalutya idatha yexesha lokwenene;Indawo ephosakeleyo ifumaneka ngokukhawuleza ngokujongwa kwenethiwekhi.Ukubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza nokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuziphilisa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kunokuqondwa ngokwakhiwa kwakhona kwenethiwekhi, ukulungiswa komsebenzi womnatha, ukwahlula impazamo xa inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ihluleka kwaye ibuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo unikezelo lwamandla kwindawo engeyiyo impazamo, ukuze ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lothungelwano losasazo olukrelekrele.Ngoko ke, ngokwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile, ukusetyenziswa kwesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo ze-smart low-voltage kuya kuba kuninzi kwaye kubanzi ngakumbi [3].

3. Igridi ye-Smart ibeka phambili iimfuno ezitsha zezixhobo zombane eziphantsi ngokwemigaqo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nomgangatho.

Kwelinye icala, ukuze kuqondwe ukusetyenziswa kokuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nencopho yamandla yokusika kunye nentlambo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nophuhliso lwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nezithuthi zombane kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka ukuphuhlisa ezilungele ezi nkqubo ezinemisebenzi ethile kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane ezine-voltage ephantsi;Kwelinye icala, ezi zixhobo (ezifana nezixhobo zangoku eziguquguqukayo, izixhobo zegridi, amandla ezixhobo zokufikelela ngamaxesha athile, isixhobo sokutshaja, njl.njl.) zesicelo ziya kuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wombane, ngoko ke ukucinezelwa kwe-harmonic kunye nembuyekezo yamandla asebenzayo. , ukunyanzeliswa kwe-overvoltage okwexeshana kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla avuselelekayo, ukuguquguquka kunye nokunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo olunamandla kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela, # iplagi kunye nokudlala?Ukuzalwa kwenani elikhulu leemfuno ezifana nezixhobo zesikhululo sokutshaja isithuthi sombane esisasazwayo nako kubeka phambili iimfuno ezingaphezulu nangaphezulu zezixhobo zombane eziphantsi.Izixhobo zemveli ze-low-voltage ziya kujongana nokwandiswa kunye nokwandiswa, okuya kuba lithuba elitsha lophuhliso lwezixhobo zombane ophantsi.

4. Ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nolawulo lonikezelo lwamandla kunye nemfuno, okuya kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezixhobo zombane eziphantsi ukuya kwicala lothungelwano.

Ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo kwaphula indlela yemveli yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwaye kwenze inkqubo yenkonzo edibanisa iindlela ezimbini phakathi kwabavelisi kunye nabathengi.Uluhlu lwedatha yokufaka, kubandakanywa amaxabiso, ukuhlawula, ukwabelana kwexesha lombane wegridi yomthwalo wesiginali yecala, ngokusetyenziswa kwesoftware yolawulo oluphezulu, ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi kunye nendlela yoqwalaselo oluguquguqukayo, ukukhuthaza umsebenzisi ukuba athathe inxaxheba ekusebenzeni kwegridi yamandla kunye nolawulo, ukulinganisa imfuno yomsebenzisi yombane, ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zayo kunye nobonelelo phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno, ukunciphisa okanye ukuhambisa imfuno ephezulu yamandla, ukunciphisa isikhululo samandla esilindileyo, ukuphucula ngakumbi isiphumo sokugcina amandla egridi yamandla kunye nokuphucula indima yokuthembeka kwegridi yamandla. , ukuze kwandiswe ulondolozo lwemithombo yobutyebi kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.Oku akufuneki kuphela ukuphuhlisa imo entsha yolawulo lomsebenzi, kodwa kufuneka ube nonxibelelwano lweendlela ezimbini, ukulinganisa indlela ezimbini, ulawulo lwamandla kunye nezinye iimveliso zombane eziphantsi kwe-voltage kunye nenkxaso yenkqubo, ngoko ke ezi mfuno ziya kukhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo. yezixhobo zombane ezine-voltage ephantsi ukuya kwicala lothungelwano.