Jonga i-horizons entsha i-5G izisa kwi-Intanethi yeZithuthi kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-V2X

I-ITProPortal ixhaswa ngabaphulaphuli bayo.Xa uthenga ngekhonkco kwiwebhusayithi yethu, sinokufumana ikhomishini yokubambisana.Funda nzulu
Ngoku ukuba sine-intanethi ye-intanethi ye-Vehicles technology (V2X), siyabulela ngokudityaniswa kweteknoloji ye-5G kunye nezisombululo zesofthiwe yemoto ukuphuhlisa isizukulwana esitsha seemoto ezihlakaniphile.
Ukudityaniswa kwemoto sisisombululo esinomdla esinciphisa iingozi zendlela emhlabeni jikelele.Ngelishwa, ngo-2018, iingozi zendlela zasuba ubomi be-1.3 yezigidi.Ngoku ukuba sinobuchwepheshe be-Intanethi yeZithuthi (V2X), siyabulela ngokudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe be-5G kunye nezisombululo zesoftware yemoto ekuphuhliseni isizukulwana esitsha seemoto ezikrelekrele ukuphucula amava omqhubi kunye nokubeka kwakhona abaqhubi beemoto ukuze baphumelele.
Izithuthi ngoku zifumana unxibelelwano olungakumbi nangakumbi, lunxibelelana nezicelo zokukhangela, izinzwa ezisebhodini, izibane zendlela, iindawo zokupaka, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zemoto.Imoto iququzelela kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithile zokubamba (ezifana neekhamera zedeshibhodi kunye ne-radar sensors).Izithuthi ezithungelwe kuthungelwano ziqokelela idatha eninzi, enjengeekhilomitha, ukonakaliswa kwezixhobo ze-geolocation, uxinzelelo lwamatayara, ubume be-fuel gauge, imeko yokutshixa isithuthi, iimeko zendlela kunye neemeko zokupaka.
Uyilo lwe-IoV lwezisombululo zoshishino lwezithuthi luxhaswa yizisombululo zesoftware yemoto, njengeGPS, iDSRC (unxibelelwano olunikezelweyo olufutshane), iWi-Fi, i-IVI (i-infotainment yemoto), idatha enkulu, ukufundwa komatshini, i-Intanethi yeZinto, ezenziweyo. ubukrelekrele, i-SaaS Platform, kunye noqhagamshelwano olubanzi.
I-teknoloji ye-V2X izibonakalisa njengokulungelelaniswa phakathi kwezithuthi (V2V), izithuthi kunye neziseko zophuhliso (V2I), izithuthi kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba bezithuthi.Ngokwandisa, olu tshintsho lunokwamkela abahambi ngeenyawo nabakhweli beebhayisikile (V2P).Ngamafutshane, i-architecture ye-V2X yenza ukuba iimoto "zithethe" kwabanye oomatshini.
Isithuthi kwi-navigation system: Idatha ekhutshwe kwimephu, i-GPS kunye nezinye ii-detectors zezithuthi zingabala ixesha lokufika kwesithuthi esilayishiweyo, indawo yengozi ngexesha lenkqubo yebango lomshuwalense, idatha yembali yokucwangciswa kwedolophu kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, njl. .
Izithuthi eziya kwiziseko zophuhliso lwezothutho: Oku kuquka iimpawu, iingcebiso zendlela, iiyunithi zokuqokelelwa kwerhafu, iindawo zokusebenza, kunye neendawo zokufunda.
Izithuthi eziya kwinkqubo yezothutho zikawonke-wonke: Oku kuvelisa idatha enxulumene nenkqubo yezothutho lukawonke-wonke kunye neemeko zezithuthi, ngelixa kucetyiswa ezinye iindlela xa kuphinda kucwangciswe uhambo.
I-5G sisizukulwana sesihlanu soqhagamshelwano lwe-broadband cellular.Ngokusisiseko, uluhlu lwayo lwamaza okusebenza luphezulu kune-4G, ngoko ke isantya soqhagamshelo singcono ngamaxesha angama-100 kune-4G.Ngolu phuculo lwamandla, i-5G ibonelela ngemisebenzi enamandla ngakumbi.
Iyakwazi ukucubungula idatha ngokukhawuleza, ukubonelela nge-4 millisecond phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-1 millisecond phantsi kwesantya esiphezulu sokuqinisekisa ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo ezixhunyiwe.
Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka ephakathi yokukhululwa kwayo ngo-2019, uphuculo lwabanjwa kwimpikiswano kunye nobunzima, obona bunzima kakhulu bubudlelwane bayo kunye nengxaki yezempilo yehlabathi.Nangona kunjalo, nangona isiqalo esinzima, i-5G ngoku isebenza kwiidolophu ze-500 e-United States.Ukungena kwehlabathi kunye nokwamkelwa kwale nethiwekhi kusondele, njengoko izibikezelo ze-2025 zibonisa ukuba i-5G iya kukhuthaza isinye kwisihlanu se-Intanethi yehlabathi.
Ukuphefumlelwa kokuthunyelwa kwe-5G kwi-teknoloji ye-V2X kuvela ekufudukeni kweemoto ukuya kwiziseko zoncedo zeselula (C-V2X) -le yinkqubo yamva nje kunye neyona ndlela iphezulu yoshishino lwezithuthi ezixhunyiwe kunye nezizimeleyo.Izigebenga ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezifana ne-Audi, iFord kunye neTesla baxhobise izithuthi zabo ngobuchwepheshe be-C-V2X.Ngomxholo:
I-Mercedes-Benz ihlangene no-Ericsson kunye ne-Telefónica Deutschland ukufaka iimoto ezizimeleyo ezixhunyiwe kwi-5G kwisigaba sokuvelisa.
I-BMW isebenzisana ne-Samsung kunye ne-Harman ukusungula i-BMW i-iNEXT exhotywe ngeyunithi yokulawula i-telematics ye-5G (TCU).
I-Audi ibhengeze ngo-2017 ukuba izithuthi zayo ziya kukwazi ukusebenzisana nezibane zendlela ukuze ziqaphele xa umqhubi etshintsha ebomvu ukuya eluhlaza.
I-C-V2X inamandla angenamkhawulo.Amacandelo ayo asetyenziswe kwizixeko ezingaphezu kwama-500, iingingqi kunye nezithili zemfundo ukubonelela ngoqhagamshelo oluzimeleyo kwiinkqubo zothutho, iziseko zamandla kunye nezakhiwo zokwakha.
I-C-V2X izisa ukhuseleko lwezithuthi, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphuculwa kwamava omqhubi / abahamba ngeenyawo (umzekelo omhle yinkqubo yokulumkisa isithuthi se-acoustic).Ivumela abatyali-mali kunye neetanki zokucinga ukuba bahlole iindlela ezintsha zophuhliso olukhulu kwiimeko ezininzi.Ngokomzekelo, ngokusebenzisa i-sensors kunye nedatha yembali ukuze kusebenze "i-digital telepathy", ukuqhuba ngokulungelelanisiweyo, ukuthintela ukungqubana kunye nezilumkiso zokhuseleko zinokufezekiswa.Masibe nokuqonda okunzulu kwezicelo ezininzi ze-V2X ezixhasa i-5G.
Oku kubandakanya uqhagamshelo lwe-cybernetic lwelori kuhola wendlela kwiinqanawa.Ulungelelwaniso olusondeleyo lwesithuthi luvumela ukukhawulezisa okuhambelanayo, ukuqhubela phambili kunye ne-braking, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwendlela, ukonga amafutha kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa.Ilori ehamba phambili imisela indlela, isantya kunye nezithuba zezinye iilori.Uthutho lwelori olubotshwe yi-5G lunokuqonda uhambo olukhuselekileyo lomgama omde.Umzekelo, xa iimoto ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ziqhuba kwaye umqhubi esozela, ilori iya kulandela ngokuzenzekelayo inkokeli yeqela, inciphisa umngcipheko wokozela womqhubi.Ukongeza, xa ilori ehamba phambili isenza isenzo sokuphepha, ezinye iilori ngasemva nazo ziya kusabela ngaxeshanye.Abavelisi bezixhobo zokuqala ezifana neScania kunye neMercedes baye bazisa iimodeli zendlela, kwaye amazwe amaninzi e-United States amkele ukulandelwa kweelori ezizimeleyo.Ngokutsho kweQela leScania, iilori ezisemgceni zinokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-20%.
Oku kukuqhubela phambili kwemoto edibeneyo kwindlela imoto edibana ngayo neemeko eziphambili zendlela.Imoto exhotyiswe nge-V2X yoyilo inokusasaza ulwazi lwenzwa kunye nabanye abaqhubi ukulungelelanisa ukuhamba kwabo.Oku kunokwenzeka xa kudlula enye inqwelo-mafutha ize enye icothe ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze ikwazi ukumelana naloo nqwelo-mafutha.Iinyani zibonakalise ukuba ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo lomqhubi lunokucinezela ngempumelelo iziphazamiso ezibangelwa kukutshintsha kwendlela, ukuqhokra ngesiquphe kunye nemisebenzi engacwangciswanga.Ehlabathini lokwenyani, ukuqhuba ngokulungelelanisiweyo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwetekhnoloji ye-5G.
Esi sixhobo sixhasa umqhubi ngokubonelela ngesaziso salo naluphi na ungquzulwano oluzayo.Oku kudla ngokuzibonakalisa njengokuphinda kubekwe kwindawo ezenzekelayo okanye ukunyanzeliswa kweziqhoboshi.Ukulungiselela ukungqubana, isithuthi sidlulisela indawo, isantya, kunye nesalathiso esinxulumene nezinye izithuthi.Ngobu buchwepheshe bonxibelelwano lwezithuthi, abaqhubi kufuneka bafumane kuphela izixhobo zabo ezikrelekrele ukunqanda ukubetha abakhweli beebhayisikile okanye abahambi ngeenyawo.Ukubandakanywa kwe-5G kuphucula lo msebenzi ngokuseka uluhlu olubanzi lokudibanisa phakathi kwezithuthi ezininzi ukugqiba indawo echanekileyo yesithuthi ngasinye ngokumalunga nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba bezithuthi.
Xa kuthelekiswa naluphi na olunye udidi lwesithuthi, iimoto eziziqhubayo zithembele ngakumbi kwimithombo yedatha ekhawulezayo.Kwimeko yokutshintsha kweemeko zendlela, ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza linokukhawuleza ukwenza izigqibo ngexesha langempela lomqhubi.Ukufumana indawo echanekileyo yabahambi ngeenyawo okanye ukuqikelela ukukhanya okubomvu okulandelayo zezinye zeemeko apho iteknoloji ibonisa ukwenzeka kwayo.Isantya sesi sisombululo se-5G sithetha ukuba ukusetyenzwa kwedatha yefu nge-AI kwenza iimoto zenze izigqibo ezingancediswanga kodwa ezichanekileyo ngokukhawuleza.Ngokufaka idatha kwiimoto ezihlakaniphile, iindlela zokufunda ngomatshini (ML) zinokulawula indawo yesithuthi;qhuba imoto ime, yehlisa isantya, okanye iyalele ukuba itshintshe iindlela.Ukongezelela, intsebenziswano eqinile phakathi kwe-5G kunye ne-edge computing inokucubungula iiseti zedatha ngokukhawuleza.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, ingeniso evela kwicandelo leemoto ngokuthe ngcembe ingena kwicandelo lamandla kunye ne-inshurensi.
I-5G sisisombululo sedijithali esizisa iinzuzo ezingenakulinganiswa kwihlabathi leemoto ngokuphucula indlela esisebenzisa ngayo uxhulumaniso olungenacingo lokuhamba.Ixhasa inani elikhulu lokudibanisa kwindawo encinci kwaye ifumana indawo echanekileyo ngokukhawuleza kunanoma yiyiphi iteknoloji yangaphambili.I-5G-eqhutywa yi-V2X i-architecture inokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kunye ne-latency encinci, kwaye inoluhlu lweenzuzo, ezifana nokudibanisa okulula, ukuthathwa kwedatha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhanjiswa, ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwendlela, kunye nokuphuculwa kokugcinwa kwemoto.
Bhalisa ngezantsi ukuze ufumane ulwazi lwamva nje oluvela kwi-ITProPortal kunye nezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo ezithunyelwa ngqo kwibhokisi yakho yokungenayo!
I-ITProPortal yinxalenye ye-Future plc, liqela leendaba zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nomshicileli ohamba phambili wedijithali.Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yenkampani yethu.
© Future Publishing Limited Quay House, The Ambury, Bath BA1 1UA.onke Amalungelo Agciniwe.Inombolo yobhaliso yenkampani yaseNgilani naseWales 2008885.