Indlela yoPhuhliso kunye neThemba loshishino lwezixhobo zombane osebenzisa amandla ombane aphantsi

1. ukuhlanganiswa ngokuthe nkqo

Ukuba umvelisi uchazwa njengomvelisi wamacandelo ombane ane-voltage ephantsi, oyena mthengi mkhulu weemveliso zombane ezine-voltage ephantsi yi-low-voltage epheleleyo yezixhobo zombane.Aba basebenzisi abaphakathi bathenga amacandelo ombane ane-voltage ephantsi, kwaye emva koko bawahlanganise kwiiseti ezipheleleyo ze-low-voltage zezixhobo ezifana nephaneli yokuhambisa, ibhokisi yokuhambisa amandla, ipaneli yokukhusela, ipaneli yokulawula kwaye emva koko izithengise kubasebenzisi.

Ngophuhliso lweendlela zokudityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo kwabavelisi, abavelisi abaphakathi kunye nabavelisi becandelo bahlala bedityaniswa: abavelisi bemveli bavelisa kuphela amacandelo aqala ukuvelisa izixhobo ezipheleleyo, kwaye abavelisi bemveli abaphakathi nabo bathatha inxaxheba kwimveliso yamacandelo ombane ane-voltage ephantsi ngokufumana kunye. Uhambo oludibeneyo.

2., ibhanti elinye, indlela enye yokukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi.

Iqhinga laseTshayina “ibhanti elinye, indlela enye” kukuqhuba imveliso yaseTshayina kunye nemveliso eyinkunzi.Ngoko ke, njengenye yamashishini ahamba phambili e-China, umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nenkxaso yenkxaso-mali iya kunceda amazwe asecaleni komgca ukukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, uye wavula imarike ebanzi yokuthunyelwa kwezixhobo zamandla eChina, kwaye Ulwakhiwo lwegridi yasekhaya efanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zombane amashishini axhamla kakhulu.

Ukwakhiwa kwamandla kumazwe asaphuhlayo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia, kuMbindi Asia, eNtshona Asia, eAfrika naseLatin America kusemva noko.Ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kombane, kungxamisekile ukukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla.Ngelo xesha, iteknoloji yamashishini amashishini asekhaya kumazwe asakhasayo abuyele emva, kwaye ukuxhomekeka kokungenisa kumazwe angaphandle kuphezulu, kwaye akukho mkhwa wokukhusela kwendawo.

Ngesantya esiphezulu, amashishini aseTshayina ibhanti elinye, indlela enye, kunye nenye, isiphumo sokuphonononga siya kukhawulezisa isantya sokudityaniswa kwehlabathi.Urhulumente usoloko encamathele ukubaluleka okukhulu kumazwe angaphandle kwezixhobo zombane ezine-voltage ephantsi, kwaye unike inkxaso kunye nenkuthazo kumgaqo-nkqubo, njengesaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle, ukuphumla kwelungelo lokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kokuziqhuba, njl. imeko-bume yomgaqo-nkqubo wokuthunyelwa kwemveliso yombane ene-voltage ephantsi ilungile kakhulu.

3. utshintsho ukusuka kuxinzelelo oluphantsi ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphakathi

Kwiminyaka eyi-5-10 edlulileyo, ishishini lombane eliphantsi kwe-voltage liya kuqonda indlela ukusuka kwi-voltage ephantsi ukuya kwi-voltage ephakathi kunye nephezulu, iimveliso ze-analog ukuya kwiimveliso zedijithali, ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ukugqiba ubunjineli, isiphelo esiphakathi nesisezantsi ukuya phakathi kunye nesiphelo esiphezulu, kwaye ugxininiso luya kuphuculwa kakhulu.

Ngokunyuka kwezixhobo ezinkulu zomthwalo kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko yomgca, amazwe amaninzi akhuthaza ngamandla i-voltage ye-660V kwimigodi, i-petroleum, ishishini lemichiza kunye namanye amashishini.I-International Electrotechnical Commission ikwacebisa ngamandla i-660V kunye ne-1000V njengamandla ombane jikelele kushishino.

I-China isebenzise amandla ombane angama-660V kwishishini lezemigodi.Kwixesha elizayo, i-voltage elinganisiweyo iya kuphuculwa ngakumbi, eya kuthatha indawo ye-original "MV".INkomfa yaseJamani eMannheim nayo yavuma ukuphakamisa izinga loxinzelelo oluphantsi kwi-2000V.

4. umenzi kunye nokuqaliswa kwezinto ezintsha

Amashishini ombane asezantsi ombane aphantsi ngokubanzi aswele ngokwaneleyo amandla okuqalisa azimeleyo kunye nokunqongophala kokhuphiswano lwemalike ephezulu.Kwixesha elizayo, uphuhliso lwezixhobo zombane zombane ophantsi kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo ngokwembono yophuhliso lwenkqubo.Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela isisombululo esipheleleyo senkqubo, kwaye ukusuka kwinkqubo ukuya kuwo onke amacandelo okusabalalisa, ukukhuselwa kunye nokulawula, ukusuka kumandla ukuya kubuthathaka.

Isizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo zombane ezikrelekrele ezisezantsi zineempawu ezimangalisayo zokusebenza okuphezulu, imisebenzi emininzi, umthamo omncinci, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza, ukonga amandla kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto, phakathi kwayo isizukulwana esitsha se-universal circuit breaker, i-plastic case breaker. kunye ne-circuit breaker kunye nokukhusela okukhethiweyo kunokuqonda uluhlu olupheleleyo lwenkqubo yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephantsi e-China (kubandakanywa nenkqubo yokusabalalisa i-terminal) Ukhuseleko olupheleleyo lwangoku olukhethiweyo lubonelela ngesiseko sokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephantsi, kwaye inobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu. ithemba lophuhliso kwimarike ephakathi kunye nephezulu.

Ukongeza, abafowunelwa besizukulwana esitsha, isizukulwana esitsha se-ATSE, i-SPD yesizukulwana esitsha kunye nezinye iiprojekthi zisebenza ngokukhutheleyo kwi-R & D, eyongeze amandla asemva ekukhokeleni ushishino ukukhuthaza ukutsha okuzimeleyo kolu shishino kunye nokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamandla ombane aphantsi. ishishini.

Iimveliso zombane ombane ophantsi zijolise ekuguquleni ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ubukrelekrele, imodyuli kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo;Kwiteknoloji yokuvelisa, sele iqalile ukuguqula ukuphucula inqanaba lobuchwephesha lobuchwephesha;Kwinkqubo yamacandelo, sele iqalile ukuguqula isantya esiphezulu, i-automation kunye nobungcali;Ngokubhekiselele kwimbonakalo yemveliso, sele iqalile ukuguqula i-humanization kunye ne-aesthetics.

5. digitalisation, networking, intelligence and connection

Ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha obutsha kuye kwafaka amandla amatsha kuphuhliso lweemveliso zombane ezisezantsi.Ngexesha layo yonke into edibeneyo kunye nengqiqo, kunokukhokelela "kwi-revolution" entsha yeemveliso zombane eziphantsi.

Uphuhliso lweetekhnoloji ezahlukeneyo, ezifana "ne-Intanethi yezinto", "i-Intanethi yezinto", "i-Intanethi yamandla ehlabathi", "ishishini 4.0", "igridi ehlakaniphile, ikhaya elilumkileyo", ekugqibeleni liya kuqonda "unxibelelwano lokugqibela" lwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo. izinto, nokuqonda ukulungelelana kwazo zonke izinto, uthungelwano lwezinto zonke, ubukrelekrele bezinto zonke nokucinga kwazo zonke izinto;Kwaye ngokudityaniswa kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwengqondo kunye nesakhiwo esihlangeneyo, iba yinkqubo ye-nervous central echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle koluntu lwanamhlanje.

Izixhobo zombane zamandla asezantsi zidlala indima enkulu kolu tshintsho, ziya kudlala indima yesiqhagamshelo sezinto zonke, kwaye zinokuqhagamshela zonke izinto kunye neziqithi kunye nomntu wonke kwinkqubo edibeneyo yendalo.Ukuze kuqatshelwe uqhagamshelo phakathi kwezixhobo zombane zombane ophantsi kunye nothungelwano, izikimu ezintathu ziyamkelwa ngokubanzi.

Eyokuqala kukuphuhlisa ujongano olutsha lwezixhobo zombane, oluqhagamshelwe phakathi kothungelwano kunye namacandelo ombane ombane aphantsi;

Okwesibini kukufumana okanye ukongeza umsebenzi wonxibelelwano lwekhompyuter kwiimveliso zemveli;

Okwesithathu kukuphuhlisa izixhobo zombane ezitsha ezinojongano lwekhompyuter kunye nomsebenzi wonxibelelwano ngokuthe ngqo.Iimfuno ezisisiseko zezixhobo zombane ezinxibelelanayo ziquka: kunye nojongano lonxibelelwano;Ukumiswa komgaqo wonxibelelwano;Inokuxhonywa ngokuthe ngqo ebhasini;Hlangana nemigangatho efanelekileyo yombane ophantsi kunye neemfuno ezifanelekileyo ze-EMC.

Ngokweempawu zayo kunye nendima yayo kuthungelwano, izixhobo zombane ezifikelelekayo zinokwahlulwa zibe zezi ndidi zilandelayo: ① izixhobo zojongano, njengemodyuli yojongano lwe-ASI, ujongano lwe-i/o olusasaziweyo, kunye nojongano lwenethiwekhi.② Inonxibelelwano kunye nomsebenzi wonxibelelwano izixhobo zombane.③ Iyunithi esebenzela uthungelwano lwekhompyuter.Okufana nebhasi, i-encoder yedilesi, idilesi yeyunithi, imodyuli yesondlo somthwalo, njl.

6. Isizukulwana sesine sezixhobo zombane zamandla aphantsi siya kuba sesona siphambili

Uphando kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zombane ombane ophantsi e-China uye waqonda umtsi ukusuka kuyilo lokuxelisa ukuya kuyilo oluzimeleyo lokuyila.

Ukongeza kwilifa leempawu zesizukulwana sesithathu, isizukulwana sesine sombane ophantsi kweemveliso zombane zisenza nzulu iimpawu ezikrelekrele, kwaye zineempawu zokusebenza okuphezulu, imisebenzi emininzi, i-miniaturization, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo okuluhlaza, ukonga amandla kunye nezinto eziphathekayo. ukugcina.

Ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso kunye nokukhuthazwa kwesizukulwana sesine sezixhobo zombane zamandla aphantsi e-China kuya kuba yingqwalasela yoshishino kwixesha elizayo.Isizukulwana sesine sezixhobo zombane zombane ophantsi yinto enomxholo wobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.Akukho lula ukukopa.Ezi teknoloji zonke zinamalungelo amaninzi epropathi yengqondo, okwenza kube nzima ukuba abavelisi baphinde baphinde indlela yakudala yokukopa abanye.

Ngapha koko, ukhuphiswano lwentengiso yezixhobo zombane eziphantsi kwamandla ombane ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe belubi kakhulu.Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, isizukulwana sesithathu seemveliso zombane eziphantsi kwamandla eTshayina saphuhliswa kwaye sakhuthazwa.I-Schneider, i-Siemens, i-abb, i-Ge, i-Mitsubishi, i-Muller, i-Fuji kunye nabanye abavelisi abakhulu bangaphandle bezixhobo zombane eziphantsi baphehlelele iimveliso zesizukulwana sesine.Iimveliso zenze inkqubela entsha kwiimpawu ezibanzi zobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho, isakhiwo semveliso kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha.

7. indlela yophuhliso lobugcisa bemveliso kunye nokusebenza

Uphuhliso lwezixhobo zombane eziphantsi kwamandla ombane kuxhomekeke kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye neemfuno zemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje, kunye nophando kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha, iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nezixhobo ezintsha.Okwangoku, iimveliso zombane zasekhaya ezine-voltage ephantsi ziphuhla zisiya kwicala lokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, i-miniaturization, imodeli yedijithali, imodularization, indibaniselwano, i-elektroniki, ubukrelekrele, unxibelelwano kunye neenxalenye ngokubanzi.

Umgangatho wemveliso usisiseko salo lonke uphuhliso.Kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokusebenza okugqwesileyo, umsebenzi othembekileyo, umthamo omncinci, uyilo oludibeneyo, unxibelelwano, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, kwaye iya kuba nemisebenzi yokukhusela, ukubeka iliso, ukunxibelelana, ukuxilongwa, ukubonakalisa, njl.

Zininzi iitekhnoloji ezitsha ezichaphazela uphuhliso lwezixhobo zombane zombane ophantsi, njengetekhnoloji yoyilo lwangoku, itekhnoloji ye-microelectronics, itekhnoloji yekhompyuter, itekhnoloji yenethiwekhi, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano, itekhnoloji yobukrelekrele, itekhnoloji yokuthembeka, itekhnoloji yovavanyo, njl.

Ukongeza, itekhnoloji entsha yokhuseleko lwangoku kufuneka igxininiswe kuyo.Iya kuyitshintsha ngokusisiseko ingqikelelo yokukhetha ye-low voltage breaker circuit.Okwangoku, nangona inkqubo yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephantsi yaseChina kunye nezixhobo zombane eziphantsi-voltage zinokhuseleko olukhethiweyo, ukhuseleko olukhethiweyo aluphelelanga.Ingcamango yokhuseleko olupheleleyo lwangoku kunye nolupheleleyo olukhethiweyo (ukhuseleko olukhethiweyo olupheleleyo) lucetywayo kwisizukulwana esitsha se-low voltage circuit breakers.

8. ukushukuma kweemarike

Abavelisi bombane ombane ophantsi ngaphandle kwesakhono sokwenza izinto ezintsha, itekhnoloji yoyilo lwemveliso, umthamo wokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo ezibuyela ngasemva ziya kupheliswa kushishino lweshishini.Nangona kunjalo, isizukulwana sesithathu kunye nesesine isizukulwana esiphakathi kunye nesiphelo esiphezulu se-low-voltage iimveliso zombane zinesakhono sazo sokwenza izinto ezintsha.Amashishini anezixhobo eziphucukileyo zokwenziwa kwezixhobo ziya kwahlulwa ngakumbi kukhuphiswano lwemarike, Uxinzelelo lweshishini lombane eliphantsi kombane kunye neemveliso zinokuphuculwa ngakumbi.Abo bahlala kwishishini baya kwahlulwa babe ngamanqanaba amabini: ubungcali obuncinci kunye nobubanzi obukhulu.

Eyangaphambili ibekwe njengendawo yokuzalisa imarike, kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuhlanganisa imarike yemveliso yobuchwephesha bayo;Owokugqibela uya kuqhubeka nokwandisa isabelo semarike, ukuphucula umgca wemveliso kwaye azame ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi kubasebenzisi.

Abanye baya kulishiya ishishini kwaye bangene kwamanye amashishini anengeniso ephezulu.Baninzi abavelisi abancinci abangekho sikweni, abaza kuthi shwaka kukhuphiswano oluqatha lwemarike.Intlabathi ngukumkani.

9. Isikhokelo sophuhliso lomgangatho womgangatho wezixhobo zombane zombane ophantsi

Ngohlaziyo kunye nokutshintshwa kweemveliso zombane zombane ophantsi, inkqubo eqhelekileyo iya kuphuculwa ngokuthe ngcembe.

Kwixesha elizayo, uphuhliso lweemveliso zombane ezisezantsi ziya kubonakaliswa ikakhulu njengobukrelekrele bemveliso, kwaye imakethi idinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye neemveliso zombane ezinobukrelekrele obuphantsi, kwaye ifuna ukuba iimveliso zibe nokhuseleko, ukubekwa esweni, ukuvavanywa, ukuzixilonga, ukubonisa. kunye neminye imisebenzi;Ngojongano lonxibelelwano, inokunxibelelana neeFieldbus ezininzi ezivulekileyo ngeendlela ezimbini, kwaye iqonde unxibelelwano kunye nothungelwano lwezixhobo zombane zamandla aphantsi;Yenza uyilo lokuthembeka, ukuthembeka kokulawula (ukukhuthaza ngamandla isixhobo sokuvavanya i-intanethi) kunye nokuhlolwa kwefektri ethembekileyo ngexesha lokuvelisa imveliso, ngakumbi kugxininise ukuthembeka kunye neemfuno ze-EMC zezixhobo zombane;Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zogcino lwamandla kufuneka zigxininiswe, kwaye iimveliso "eziluhlaza" kufuneka ziphuhliswe ngokuthe ngcembe, kubandakanywa neempembelelo zokukhethwa kwezinto zemveliso, inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nenkqubo yokusetyenziswa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwamandla.

Ngokuhambelana nentsingiselo yophuhliso, imigangatho emine yobugcisa kufuneka ifundwe ngokukhawuleza:

I-1) Iyakwazi ukugubungela imveliso yamva nje yokusebenza ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa ukusebenza kobugcisa, ukusebenzisa ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwemigangatho yobugcisa;

2) Umgangatho wonxibelelwano lwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso kunye neemfuno zonxibelelwano zidityaniswe ngokwasemzimbeni ukwenza ukuba iimveliso zisebenzisene ngcono;

3) Ukuseka ukuthembeka kunye neendlela zokuvavanya imigangatho yeemveliso ezinxulumeneyo ukuphucula ukuthembeka kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kweemveliso zangaphandle;

4) Ukuqulunqa uluhlu lwemigangatho yoyilo lokwazisa ngokusingqongileyo kunye nemigangatho yokwanelisa umbane kwiimveliso zombane wamandla aphantsi, ukukhokela kunye nokubeka emgangathweni ukuveliswa kunye nokuveliswa kokugcina umbane kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo "izixhobo eziluhlaza".

10. Green Revolution

Inguqu eluhlaza yekhabhoni ephantsi, ukonga amandla, ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kube nempembelelo enkulu kwihlabathi.Ingxaki yehlabathi yokhuseleko lwendalo emelwe kukutshintsha kwemozulu iya iqatsela, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kutshintsho olusisiseko lwendlela yophuhliso loqoqosho nentlalo kwihlabathi.Itekhnoloji yombane ekumgangatho ophantsi wombane kunye neteknoloji yokonga amandla ibe ngumda wophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe behlabathi kunye nokhuphiswano olushushu lwetekhnoloji.

Kubasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo, ukongeza kumgangatho kunye nexabiso lezixhobo zombane eziphantsi, ingqwalasela engakumbi ihlawulwe ekugcinweni kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kokusingqongileyo kweemveliso.

Ukongeza, urhulumente ukwafuna ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza okonga umbane weemveliso zombane zamandla aphantsi asetyenziswa ngamashishini kunye nabasebenzisi bokwakha imizi-mveliso.Kwixesha elizayo, izithintelo ezinjalo ziya kuba namandla kwaye zomelele.

Kungumkhwa wokwakha izixhobo eziluhlaza okonga umbane ngokukhuphisana okungundoqo kunye nokubonelela abathengi ngezisombululo zombane ezikhuselekileyo, ezikrelekrele neziluhlaza.

Ukuza kwenguqu eluhlaza kuzisa zombini umngeni kunye nethuba kubavelisi kumashishini ombane ombane ophantsi.