Chitukuko ndi Chiyembekezo chamakampani opanga zida zamagetsi zamagetsi otsika

1. kuphatikiza ofukula

Ngati wopanga amatanthauzidwa ngati wopanga zida zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri, wogula wamkulu wamagetsi otsika kwambiri ndi fakitale yamagetsi yamagetsi yotsika.Ogwiritsa ntchito apakatikatiwa amagula zida zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri, kenako amazisonkhanitsa m'magulu athunthu amagetsi otsika kwambiri monga gulu logawa, bokosi logawa mphamvu, gulu loteteza, gulu lowongolera ndikugulitsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Ndi chitukuko cha kuphatikizika kokhazikika kwa opanga, opanga apakatikati ndi opanga zigawo amaphatikizidwa nthawi zonse: opanga azikhalidwe amangopanga zigawo zomwe zimayambanso kupanga zida zonse, ndipo opanga azikhalidwe zapakatikati nawonso amatenga nawo gawo popanga zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri kudzera pakupeza ndi kupeza. mgwirizano.

2., lamba mmodzi, njira imodzi yolimbikitsa kudalirana kwa mayiko.

Njira yaku China ya "lamba m'modzi, msewu umodzi" ndiyofunikira kupititsa patsogolo kutulutsa kwa China komanso kutulutsa kwakukulu.Choncho, monga imodzi mwa mafakitale otsogola ku China, ndondomeko ndi ndalama zothandizira zidzathandiza mayiko omwe ali pamzerewu kuti afulumizitse ntchito yomanga gridi yamagetsi, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, yatsegula msika waukulu wa katundu wamagetsi ku China, ndi mabizinesi opangira ma gridi ofunikira komanso zida zamagetsi amapindula kwambiri.

Kupanga mphamvu kwa mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene ku Southeast Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, Africa ndi Latin America kuli m'mbuyo.Ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko ndi kuwonjezeka kwa magetsi, ndikofunika kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga gridi yamagetsi.Pa nthawi yomweyi, teknoloji yamabizinesi am'deralo m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene ndi yobwerera m'mbuyo, ndipo kudalira kwakunja ndikwambiri, ndipo palibe chizolowezi choteteza m'deralo.

Pa liwiro lalikulu, mabizinesi aku China lamba umodzi, msewu umodzi, ndi winayo, zotsatira za spillover zidzakulitsa mayendedwe apadziko lonse lapansi.Boma nthawi zonse limakhala lofunika kwambiri pakutumiza zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri, ndipo wapereka chithandizo ndi chilimbikitso mu mfundo, monga kubweza msonkho wakunja, kupumula kwa ufulu wotumiza ndi kutumiza kunja kudziyendetsa, etc., kotero zoweta chikhalidwe cha ndondomeko zogulitsa kunja kwa magetsi otsika kwambiri ndi abwino kwambiri.

3. kusintha kuchokera kupansi kupita kumtunda wapakati

M'zaka zapitazi za 5-10, makampani opanga magetsi otsika kwambiri azindikira zomwe zikuchitika kuchokera kumagetsi otsika mpaka apakati komanso apamwamba kwambiri, zinthu za analogi kupita kuzinthu za digito, kugulitsa zinthu mpaka kumaliza uinjiniya, sing'anga ndi kutsika mpaka pakati komanso kutha, ndipo ndende adzakhala bwino kwambiri.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zida zazikulu zonyamula katundu komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi, pofuna kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mzere, mayiko ambiri amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu mphamvu ya 660V mumigodi, mafuta, mafakitale a mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena.Bungwe la International Electrotechnical Commission limalimbikitsanso mwamphamvu kuti 660V ndi 1000V ngati magetsi ambiri amakampani.

China yagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a 660V pamakampani amigodi.M'tsogolomu, voliyumu yovotera idzakonzedwanso, yomwe idzalowe m'malo mwa "MV" yoyambirira.Msonkhano wa ku Germany ku Mannheim unavomerezanso kukweza mlingo wochepa wa kuthamanga kwa 2000V.

4. wopanga ndi ukadaulo woyendetsedwa

Mabizinesi amagetsi otsika kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda luso lodziyimira pawokha komanso kusowa kwa mpikisano wamsika wamsika.M'tsogolomu, kukula kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika kuyenera kuganiziridwa potengera chitukuko cha dongosolo.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kuganizira njira yothetsera vutoli, komanso kuchokera ku dongosolo kupita ku zigawo zonse za kugawa, kuteteza ndi kulamulira, kuchokera ku mphamvu mpaka kufooka.

Mbadwo watsopano wa zida zamagetsi zanzeru zotsika kwambiri zili ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa a magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, ntchito zambiri, voliyumu yaying'ono, kudalirika kwakukulu, kuteteza chilengedwe chobiriwira, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kupulumutsa zinthu, zomwe m'badwo watsopano wa ophwanya dera lonse lapansi, wophwanya milandu yapulasitiki. ndi wowononga dera ndi chitetezo chosankha amatha kuzindikira njira yonse yogawa magetsi otsika kwambiri ku China (kuphatikiza dongosolo logawa ma terminal) Chitetezo chokhazikika chapano chimapereka maziko owongolera kudalirika kwa njira yogawa magetsi otsika, ndipo imakhala yotakata kwambiri. Chiyembekezo cha chitukuko pamsika wapakati komanso wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, olumikizana nawo a m'badwo watsopano, m'badwo watsopano wa ATSE, SPD ya m'badwo watsopano ndi ma projekiti ena akugwiranso ntchito R & D, zomwe zawonjezera mphamvu yotsogolera makampani kuti apititse patsogolo luso lodziyimira pawokha lamakampani ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko chamagetsi otsika. makampani.

Zogulitsa zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri zakhala zikuyang'ana pakusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kudalirika kwambiri, luntha, modularization ndi kuteteza chilengedwe chobiriwira;Muukadaulo wopanga, wayamba kusintha kuti apititse patsogolo luso laukadaulo;M'kati mwa magawo, wayamba kusinthika kukhala liwiro lalitali, zodziwikiratu komanso zapadera;Pankhani ya mawonekedwe azinthu, zayamba kusintha kukhala humanization ndi aesthetics.

5. digito, networking, luntha ndi kulumikizana

Kugwiritsa ntchito umisiri watsopano kwabweretsa mphamvu zatsopano pakupanga zinthu zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri.Munthawi ya chilichonse cholumikizidwa komanso chanzeru, zitha kuyambitsa "kusintha" kwatsopano kwa zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika.

Kupanga matekinoloje osiyanasiyana, monga "Internet of things", "Internet of things", "global energy Internet", "industry 4.0", "smart grid, smart home", pamapeto pake adzazindikira "kulumikizana komaliza" kwamagawo osiyanasiyana. wa zinthu, ndi kuzindikira dongosolo la zinthu zonse, kugwirizana kwa zinthu zonse, luntha la zinthu zonse ndi kulingalira kwa zinthu zonse;Ndipo kupyolera mu kuphatikizika ndi kugwirizanitsa chidziwitso chamagulu ndi dongosolo lamagulu, limakhala dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha lomwe limakhudza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu amakono.

Zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri zimagwira ntchito yayikulu pakusinthaku, zitenga gawo lolumikizira zinthu zonse, ndipo zimatha kulumikiza zinthu zonse ndi zisumbu ndi aliyense kukhala dongosolo logwirizana lachilengedwe.Kuti tizindikire kulumikizana pakati pa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika ndi ma netiweki, njira zitatu zimakhazikitsidwa nthawi zambiri.

Yoyamba ndi kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano zida zamagetsi, amene chikugwirizana pakati pa maukonde ndi chikhalidwe otsika voteji zigawo zamagetsi;

Chachiwiri ndikupeza kapena kuwonjezera ntchito ya mawonekedwe apakompyuta pazachikhalidwe;

Chachitatu ndikupanga zida zatsopano zamagetsi ndi mawonekedwe apakompyuta ndi ntchito yolumikizirana mwachindunji.Zofunikira pazida zamagetsi zolumikizidwa ndi izi: ndi mawonekedwe olumikizirana;Kukhazikika kwa protocol yolumikizirana;Ikhoza kupachikidwa mwachindunji pa basi;Kukwaniritsa miyezo yotsika yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi zofunikira za EMC.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso ntchito yake pamanetiweki, zida zamagetsi zolumikizirana zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awa: ① zida zolumikizirana, monga gawo la ASI, mawonekedwe a i/o, ndi mawonekedwe a netiweki.② Ili ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito yolumikizirana ndi zida zamagetsi.③ Chigawo chothandizira netiweki yamakompyuta.Monga basi, encoder adilesi, ma adilesi, gawo la feed feed, etc.

6. m'badwo wachinayi wa otsika voteji zipangizo zamagetsi adzakhala ambiri

Kafufuzidwe ndi kakulidwe kazinthu zamagetsi zotsika kwambiri ku China zawona kudumpha kuchoka pakupanga motsanzira kupita pakupanga kwatsopano.

Kuwonjezera cholowa makhalidwe a m'badwo wachitatu, m'badwo wachinayi otsika voteji magetsi mankhwala komanso kuzama makhalidwe wanzeru, komanso makhalidwe a ntchito mkulu, Mipikisano ntchito, miniaturization, kudalirika mkulu, zobiriwira kuteteza chilengedwe, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi zinthu. kupulumutsa.

Kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko ndi kupititsa patsogolo m'badwo wachinayi wamagetsi otsika kwambiri ku China kudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri pamakampani mtsogolomu.M'badwo wachinayi wa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika ndi chinthu chokhala ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri.Sikophweka kukopera.Matekinoloje onsewa ali ndi ufulu wambiri waumwini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kwa opanga kubwereza njira yakale yokopera ena.

M'malo mwake, mpikisano wamagetsi otsika pamsika wa zida zamagetsi kunyumba ndi kunja kwakhala koopsa kwambiri.Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, m'badwo wachitatu wamagetsi otsika kwambiri ku China adapangidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa.Schneider, Siemens, abb, Ge, Mitsubishi, Muller, Fuji ndi opanga ena akuluakulu akunja amagetsi otsika kwambiri adayambitsa zida za m'badwo wachinayi.Zogulitsazo zapanga zotsogola zatsopano pazowonetsa zaukadaulo ndi zachuma, kapangidwe kazinthu ndi kusankha kwazinthu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano.

7. kachitidwe kachitukuko kaukadaulo wazinthu ndi magwiridwe antchito

Kukula kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika kumadalira chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko komanso zosowa zama automation amakono a mafakitale, komanso kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano, njira zatsopano ndi zida zatsopano.Pakali pano, zoweta otsika-voltage magetsi mankhwala akupita ku mbali ya ntchito mkulu, kudalirika mkulu, miniaturization, digito modeling, modularization, kuphatikiza, zamagetsi, luntha, kulankhulana ndi zigawo generalization.

Ubwino wa malonda ndiye maziko a chitukuko chonse.Iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuchita bwino, ntchito yodalirika, voliyumu yaying'ono, kapangidwe kaphatikizidwe, kulumikizana, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, ndipo idzakhala ndi ntchito zoteteza, kuyang'anira, kulumikizana, kudzizindikira, kuwonetsa, ndi zina zambiri.

Pali matekinoloje atsopano ambiri omwe amakhudza chitukuko cha zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika, monga ukadaulo wamakono wamapangidwe, ukadaulo wa microelectronics, ukadaulo wapakompyuta, ukadaulo wapaintaneti, ukadaulo wolumikizirana, ukadaulo wanzeru, ukadaulo wodalirika, ukadaulo woyesera, ndi zina zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo watsopano wachitetezo chapano uyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri.Idzasintha malingaliro osankhidwa a low voltage circuit breaker.Pakadali pano, ngakhale makina ogawa magetsi aku China otsika komanso zida zamagetsi zocheperako zili ndi chitetezo chosankha, chitetezo chosankha sichikwanira.Lingaliro lachitetezo chokhazikika chanthawi zonse komanso chathunthu (chitetezo chosankhidwa chonse) chikuperekedwa kwa m'badwo watsopano wamagetsi otsika.

8. kusinthana kwa msika

Opanga magetsi otsika opanda mphamvu yaukadaulo, ukadaulo wopanga zinthu, mphamvu zopangira ndi zida zobwerera m'mbuyo zidzathetsedwa pakusokonekera kwamakampani.Komabe, m'badwo wachitatu ndi wachinayi m'badwo wapakati komanso wotsika kwambiri wamagetsi otsika kwambiri ali ndi luso lawo lakusintha.Mabizinesi omwe ali ndi zida zotsogola adzasiyanitsidwanso pampikisano wamsika, Kuchulukitsa kwamakampani opanga magetsi otsika kwambiri ndi zinthu zitha kupititsidwa patsogolo.Iwo omwe atsalira mumakampaniwo adzagawidwa m'magulu awiri: luso laling'ono komanso lonse lalikulu.

Yoyambayo ili ngati yodzaza msika, ndipo ikupitiriza kugwirizanitsa msika wake wamalonda;Otsatirawa apitiliza kukulitsa gawo la msika, kukonza mzere wazogulitsa ndikuyesetsa kupereka chithandizo chokwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Ena adzasiya ntchito ndi kulowa m'mafakitale ena omwe amapeza phindu lalikulu.Palinso opanga ang'onoang'ono ambiri osakhazikika, omwe adzasowa pampikisano wowopsa wamsika.Mchenga ndi mfumu.

9. Mayendedwe a chitukuko cha muyezo wamagetsi otsika kwambiri amagetsi

Ndikusintha ndikusinthidwa kwazinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika, dongosolo lokhazikika lidzasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono.

M'tsogolomu, chitukuko cha magetsi otsika magetsi chidzawonetsedwa makamaka ngati luntha la malonda, ndipo msika umafunika zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso zanzeru, ndipo zimafuna kuti zinthu zikhale ndi chitetezo, kuyang'anira, kuyesa, kudzizindikiritsa, kuwonetsera. ndi ntchito zina;Ndi mawonekedwe olumikizirana, imatha kulumikizana ndi ma Fieldbus ambiri otseguka munjira ziwiri, ndikuzindikira kulumikizana ndi kulumikizana kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika;Kupanga kudalirika, kudalirika kowongolera (kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu chida choyesera pa intaneti) ndikuwunika kudalirika kwafakitale panthawi yopanga zinthu, makamaka kutsindika kudalirika ndi zofunikira za EMC pazida zamagetsi;Chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi zofunikira zotetezera mphamvu ziyenera kutsindika, ndipo zinthu "zobiriwira" ziyenera kupangidwa pang'onopang'ono, kuphatikizapo chikoka cha kusankha zinthu, kupanga ndi kugwiritsira ntchito chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera.

Mogwirizana ndi zochitika zachitukuko, miyezo inayi yaukadaulo iyenera kuphunziridwa mwachangu:

1) Itha kuphimba magwiridwe antchito aposachedwa kwambiri, kuphatikiza luso laukadaulo, magwiridwe antchito, magwiridwe antchito aukadaulo;

2) Mulingo wa kulumikizana kwazinthu ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi zolumikizirana zimaphatikizidwa kuti zinthuzo zizigwirizana bwino;

3) Kukhazikitsa kudalirika ndi njira zoyesera zazinthu zokhudzana ndi kuwongolera kudalirika kwazinthu ndi mtundu wazinthu, komanso kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wazinthu zakunja;

4) Kupanga miyeso yodziwitsa za chilengedwe komanso njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zotsika, kuwongolera ndikuwongolera kupanga ndi kupanga "zida zobiriwira" zopulumutsa mphamvu komanso zoteteza chilengedwe.

10. Green Revolution

Kusintha kobiriwira kwa carbon low, kupulumutsa mphamvu, kupulumutsa chuma ndi kuteteza chilengedwe kwakhudza kwambiri dziko lapansi.Vuto la chitetezo cha chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi lomwe likuimiridwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo likukulirakulira, zomwe zidzatsogolera kusintha kwakukulu kwa chitukuko cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu padziko lapansi.Ukadaulo wotsogola wamagetsi otsika kwambiri komanso ukadaulo wopulumutsa mphamvu wakhala malire a chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso mpikisano wotentha waukadaulo.

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba, kuphatikiza pamtengo ndi mtengo wamagetsi otsika kwambiri, chidwi chochulukirapo chimaperekedwa pakupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe kwa zinthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, boma likufunanso kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu kwamagetsi otsika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabizinesi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga m'mafakitale.M’tsogolomu, ziletso zoterozo zidzakhala zamphamvu ndi zamphamvu.

Ndichizoloŵezi chopanga zida zobiriwira zopulumutsira mphamvu zokhala ndi mpikisano waukulu ndikupatsa makasitomala njira zotetezeka, zanzeru komanso zobiriwira zamagetsi.

Kubwera kwa kusintha kobiriwira kumabweretsa zovuta komanso mwayi kwa opanga makampani opanga magetsi otsika.