Kugwiritsa ntchito switch ya ATSE-Automatic transfer switch kumatha kuthetsa vuto lomwe likupitilira mizere yopanda ndale

Kusintha kwa Automatic (ATSE)akhoza kuthetsa vuto lodutsana la mizere yopanda ndale.Ndiye tikutanthauza chiyani ponena za kusalowerera ndale?

Chithunzi 1: Tangoganizani kuti voteji yaDC mphamvukupezeka ndi 220V, ndi kukana kwa atatu katundu resistors R ndi 10 Ohms.Tiyeni tiwerengere voteji kudutsa katundu resistor Ra:

Kwa resistor Ra, tili ndi:

Zindikirani kuti pali mafunde atatu akuyenda kudzera mu kukana Ra, imodzi yomwe imatulukamagetsiEa ndikubwereranso ku ndondo yoperekera magetsi kudzera pa LINE N. Zina ziwirizo zimatuluka kuchokera ku Ea ndi kubwerera kumalo opanda mphamvu kudzera pa Eb kapena Ec.Koma chifukwa mphamvu ya electromotive ya magwero awiri mu chipika ichi ndi ofanana ndi zosiyana, panopa ndi ziro.
Chinanso chomwe chimafunikira chidwi chapadera ndikuti voteji pa N point ndi 0V.
Tiyeni tionenso chithunzi 2: N pachithunzichi ikugawanika kukhala mfundo ziwiri, N ndi N'.Kodi voteji kudutsa resistor Ra ndi chiyani?Ndizosavuta kunena kuti voteji kudutsa Ra ndi 0V.
Zoonadi, maziko apa ndi awa: magawo atatu a magetsi omwe ali m'derali amagwirizana kwathunthu, ndipo zotsutsana nazo zimagwirizananso, ndipo ngakhale magawo a waya, ndiko kukana mzere, amakhalanso osagwirizana.
Mu mzere weniweni, magawowa sadzakhala ofanana ndendende, kotero Ra adzakhala ndi magetsi otsika kwambiri.Tiyeni tizitcha kuti N 'voltage.

Tiyeni tiwone chithunzi chili m'munsichi:

Monga tikuonera, magetsi mu FIG.3 ndi 4, FIG.1 ndi FIG.2 imasinthidwa kuchoka ku DC kupita ku magawo atatu a AC, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 220V, kotero mphamvu ya mzere ndi 380V mwachibadwa, ndipo kusiyana kwa magawo atatu ndi madigiri 120.
Kodi mphamvu yodutsa pa resistor Ra mu Chithunzi 3 ndi chiyani?
Popeza cholinga cha positiyi ndikungowonetsera vuto, osati kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa dera.Sitiyenera kuwerengera ndendende.
Koma titha kudziwa izi, za FIG.3, voteji kudutsa resistor Ra ndi pafupifupi wofanana 217.8V ndi interphase voteji ndi ziro.
Mu FIG.4, tikuwona kuti n-line imasweka mu N ndi N ', ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani pamagetsi pa N'?
Yankho ndi chimodzimodzi kwa DC.Ngati dera liri lofanana kwathunthu, Un 'lofanana ndi 0V;Ngati magawo ozungulira sakugwirizana, Un 'safanana ndi 0V.
Mu dera lothandiza, makamaka pamagetsi owunikira, magawo atatu a AC ndi asymmetric, kotero kuti panopa ikuyenda mu mzere wa N kapena PEN mzere (zero line).Mzere wa N kapena PEN ukasweka, voteji kumbuyo kwa malo opuma amakwera.Zikavuta kwambiri, zimakwera mpaka voteji ya gawo, yomwe ndi 220V.

Tiyeni tionepoATSE:

Onani pansipa:

Pachithunzichi tikuwona mzere wapawiri ukubwera, theATSE, ndipo ndithudi katundu kuwala.Apa, komabe, kuchuluka kwa nyali pazigawo zitatu kumasiyana, ndipo gawo A ndilo lodzaza kwambiri.
Tiyeni tiyerekeze zimenezoATSEtsopano kutseka T1 kuzungulira kumanzere, ndi ntchito panopa akupita T1 kuti T2.
Ngati, panthawi ya kutembenuka, mzere wa 1N umadulidwa poyamba ndipo gawo lachitatu limadulidwa pambuyo pake, ndiye panthawi ya kutembenuka, tikhoza kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera pazidziwitso zomwe zili pamwambazi kuti mzere wosalowerera ndale wa katundu ukhoza kuwuka kapena kugwa.Ngati voteji pa nyali kuposa gawo voteji kwambiri, nyali kuwotcha pa ndondomeko kutembenuka.
Ndipamene kuphatikizika kwa mizere yopanda ndale kumabwera.

Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi yotani?

ATSEndi ntchito yosalowerera ndale, ikayatsidwa, choyamba onetsetsani kuti magetsi a magawo atatu amayatsidwa poyamba, ndiyeno N mzere umasinthidwa potsiriza;Ikayatsidwa, choyamba onetsetsani kuti mwayatsa mzere wa N, ndiyeno muyatse voteji ya magawo atatu.Ngakhale, ATSE imatha kupindika mizere ya N yanjira zonse ziwiri nthawi yomweyo.Ichi ndi ntchito ya mzere wosalowerera ndale.